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Around town, with a fairly spirited throttle hand, I get mid 30's. Highway can get into the high 30's, but I also saw low 30's on the Texas trip during one stretch where I was really moving along into a vicious head wind.
We produce and refine oil in Texas, so most Harley's being good Americans, use a little more while they are here, to help the cause. Mine were always in the 30s, but I play a lot.
I just checked my 95 Road King today when I filled up. 16.4 litres of fuel and 180 miles. The math says 41 MPG. I usually ride around 70-80 MPH with the windshield on. Most of my riding is solo though today my wife went for her first ever ride on a motorcycle. We rode to a restaurant 30 miles away and then back after lunch. She did pretty damn well for her first time on a bike. I expect she'll be out with me again this summer.
I can get 48 mpg pretty easy by keeping it under 65 on the highway. Its getting 42-44 with a mixture of in town and highway riding. I was also getting 32 mpg until I fixed an issue with my CV carb. It has never ran so good.
You look at the spark plugs to see if it is running rich. There is an idle air mixture screw on the bottom of your carb but it may be hidden by an aluminum plug that has not been removed yet. Adjusting just that screw will not bring your mileage up that much though. Watch some youtube vids on Cv carburators. There are several things that could cause the rich mixture. Wrong jets. High float level. Vacuum leak. How does the bike run? Lots of black soot in the mufflers? Any smoke when you blip the throttle?
The bike runs super smooth. It feels great and runs great. I think I am learning that I need to avoid bogging the motor. When I do the handle bars shake quite a bit. Other than that it really is smooth. Just the mpg are not as high as I expected.
So could it be the mixture? What does one adjust to see if the bike is running rich? Have have the shop manual, but I don't see a mixture adjustment.
As was posted, you can 'read the plugs'. And give it a good butt tune.
But if you really want to get it dialed in, and know what the air/fuel ratio is, invest in a hour of dyno time at a shop that knows EVO's and how to tune a CV carb. It will also expose any weakness in the ignition/timing/curve. A really good shop will tune it first on the dyno and check it with a road test.
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