2010 FLHX Starter Issue
The grinding noise that the OP describes is consistent with a "hot soak" issue. When you shut the engine off when hot for about 5-10 minutes to get gas or whatever, the heads/exhaust actually heat up before starting to cool down, the hot soak. When trying to start the bike during the hot soak, it causes uncontrolled combustion of the incoming fuel charge inside the combustion chamber/exhaust, jamming the starter. If that's what is going on with the OP's bike, it will start right up every time after letting the engine cool another 10-15 minutes.
Only thing that I have found to eliminate this is installing manual compression releases, but it can be reduced/overcome with a well-maintained 310+CCA/20maH reserve capacity battery and a good cleaning of all contacts throughout the starting/grounding system and sometimes adding a second battery ground cable directly from the battery negative terminal to one of the starter mounting bolts can help. Also, fitting a 66 tooth starter gear to the clutch hub and a 9 tooth jack shaft pinion gear provides an easier load on the starter. Spyke sells this setup.
The name of the game here is to get as much current as possible to the starter (battery), reduce resistance to ground (cleaning connections), and placing an easier load on the starter (gear reduction).



